Introduction
For those people who have had traumatic orthopedic surgery, it is probably safe to argue that the effects of the surgery on the soft tissue are more detrimental to patient progress and recovery than the issue resolved by the procedure itself.
There is a case in point is Total joint arthroplasty , Replacement of the osteoarthritic joint components significantly reduces the patient’s joint pain and improves the likelihood of voluntary movement, but the trauma to the soft tissue and resultant immobility can cause long-lasting impairment and disability if not addressed immediately and appropriately.
Continuous passive motion (CPM) is one of the primary methods for decreasing the deleterious effects of immobilization and can deliver
orthopedic, neurological, and even circulatory benefits to the patient. Immobilization, in turn, can create deleterious sequelae of physiological and functional impairments.
Continuous Passive Motion
CMP History
CPM, was developed by Robert Salter, MD, evolved over the course of several decades, and is based on deductions that the inventor formulated through clinical observation and practice. The first of these is that prolonged immobilization of synovial joints causes many problems, including persistent stiffness and pain, muscle atrophy, disuse osteoporosis, and eventually degenerative arthritis when the joints are actively mobilized at a later time.2 Second, beneficial effects of early active motion were seen clinically, such as decreased edema, decreased pain, and shorter rehabilitation time.
Definition of CMP
The textbook definition of CPM might state, “CMP is a postoperative treatment method that is designed to aid recovery after joint surgery. In most patients after extensive joint surgery, attempts at joint motion cause pain and as a result, the patientfails to move the joint. "
CMP Machine
CMP Machine structure
CPM machines were primitive-looking devices, often composed of noisy motors, gears, pulleys, ropes, and bars. Functionally, they were designed to take a particular joint ( such as legs, knee, ankle, coxa, arm, shoulder, elbow and finger etc.)), through a specific and limited ROM in a predictable pattern. With the advance of predecessors in design and function, modern CPM machines adhere to the same basic principles, and have been developed for almost every joint imaginable, including the hip.
The beneficial effect of CMP Machine
There is a positive beneficial effect on the ability of CPM to decrease the effects of limb immobility , the primary causes of a deep vein thrombosis. As the CPM creates alternating muscular tension and then relaxation, it can assist the venous pump and keep fluids moving.
Conclusion
CMP machine following surgery can be a valuable treatment modality. Issues of pain, edema, stiffness, deep vein thrombosis, hip dislocation, and cost containment, as well as the myriad of functional impairments for the patient, can be addressed through sound medical practice and the use of valuable treatment modalities.
Only if you applied appropriately, CPM machines can work for the benefit of the patient in decreasing the deleterious effects of immobilization, while poviding a safe, comfortable treatment to the patient.